Fractures and dislocations:
human foot and ankle complex is an intricate mechanism with 26 bones, 33 joints and multiple ligaments and tendons. It works interdependently with other systems of locomotion. failure of a single component affects the mobility to a large extent. Understanding of the mechanics is pivotal in management of foot and ankle injuries as inadequate and improper treatment may lead to lifelong pain and disability.
A: acute injuries
- Symptoms: pain, swelling, bruising, difficulty in walking immediately after an injury suggests it could be a broken bone. There may or may not be an obvious deformity.
- What to do? expose the injured part. Look for swelling, bruises and compare with the other foot. Look for any cuts or wounds, exposed bone. See if you are able to walk or bear weight over the foot.
- When to seek medical advice? in case of severe pain, inability to walk, presence of cuts, wounds or exposed wound, deformed or misshapen foot, foot is cold and numb.
- Treatment options: your foot and ankle surgeon would guide you to the right treatment plan. Both surgical and non-surgical treatment options exist depending on the injury sustained.
B: neglected old injuries of foot and ankle
- Symptoms: pain and swelling over the joint with gradually increasing difficulty in walking. Deformity may or may not be present or it may be progressive from a mild deformity to a severe form. There could be watery or pus discharge from a chronic wound.
- What to do? check your functional status and difficulty in routine activities. Look if your pain or deformity is worsening.
- When to seek medical advice? as soon as possible. Do not wait for your condition to worsen as it might affect your final outcome.
- Treatment option: ask your foot and ankle surgeon for the various treatment options available. They may vary as per your condition your occupation and lifestyle.